How do different philosophers view love?
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1. Plato: Love begins with physical attraction but seeks higher, eternal beauty, reaching spiritual and intellectual connection, called Platonic love.
2. Aristotle: Love is a mutual wish for the other’s good, rooted in virtue, where friendships with true love aim at common well-being and flourishing.
3. Kierkegaard: Love is a divine duty, selfless and unconditional, reflecting God’s love, demanding both sacrifice and commitment to others.
4. Nietzsche: Love is an instinctive drive often tied to power and self-assertion. It reflects personal growth and creativity rather than pure selflessness.
5. Simone de Beauvoir: True love opposes dependence. It thrives in freedom and mutual respect, allowing individuals to grow without possession or loss of identity.
6. Schopenhauer: Love is driven by species survival. Romantic attraction is subconscious, furthering biological desire rather than individual happiness.